Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *weg'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: fresh, cheerful; to be awake

Tokharian: A, B wasir `Blitz'

Old Indian: vā́ja- m. `strength, vigour, energy', vájra- m./n. `thunderbolt (of Indra)'

Avestan: vazra- `Keule, bes. Haukeule (des Mithra)'

Other Iranian: OPers vazarka- `gross'

Germanic: *wak-a- vb., *wak-ō- vb., *wak-ē- vb., *wak-n-a- vb., *wak-ja- vb.; *wak-ōn- f.; *wak-r-a- adj., *wax-t(w)-ō(n-) f.

Latin: vegēre (intr.) `munter sein', (trans.) `erregen', vegetus `rührig, munter'; vigēre `lebenskräftig sein, in voller Kraft und Frische sein', vigil, -ilis `wach, wachsam; Wache, Wächter'

Russ. meaning: свежий, бодрый, бодрствовать

References: WP I 246 f

Proto-IE: *weg-

Meaning: yarn, thread

Old Indian: vāgurā f. `a net (for catching deer or wild animals)'

Germanic: *wik-ōn- f., *wikk-ō f., *wukk-ō f.; *wiuk-ōn- f., -an- m.; *wōk=

Latin: vēlum, -ī n. `Segel; Hülle, Tuch, Vorhang', vexillum `Fähnlein'

Celtic: OIr figim `webe', fige `das Weben', OBret. gueig, Bret gwea `textris', OCymr gweetic `textilis', Cymr gweu `weben, knüpfen', gwe `Gewebe, OCorn guiat gl. `tela', Corn gwia `weben'

Russ. meaning: пряжа, волокно

References: WP I 247 f

Proto-IE: *weg(')h-

Meaning: wedge

Baltic: *wag-ia- c.

Germanic: *wagj-a- m., *wig-ja- m.

Russ. meaning: клин

References: WP I 315 f

Proto-IE: *weg'he- (Gr w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to drag, to carry

Tokharian: A wkäṃ (pl. wäknant), B yakne (PT *w'äkne) 'way, manner' (Adams 481); A wāsk-, B wāsk- / wäsk- 'move, shake'; ? B wäks- 'be restless, wander'

Old Indian: váhati, ptc. ūḍhá- `to carry, transport, lead, conduct'; vahitra- n. `boat, vessel', váha- `carrying, bearing, bringing', váha- m. `act of bearing; shoulder of an ox or any draught animal'; vóḍhar-, voḍhár- `drawing, carrying', m. `draught horse, bull, ox'; vāha- `bearing, drawing', m. `bearer, carrier, draught animal, vehicle'; váhas- n. `shoulder of a draught animal', vā́has- n. `offering, worship, invocation'

Avestan: vazaiti `führt, zieht, fliegt', ptc. vašta-; vazya- n. `Last, Tracht'; vaštar- `Zugtier', važdra- `der vorwärts bringt'; vāza- `fahrend, fliegend', m. `Ziehen, Zug, Zugtier'; vazah- (2. Zsglied) `fahrend, führend'

Old Greek: pamphyl. wekhetō, kypr. ewekse `hintragen, darbringen'; {ékhesphin `колесница, конная повозка' Hsch. - nowhere found!}; okhetó-m. `Kanal, Rinne', ókhetla = okhḗmata Hsch.; okhéō `tragen, ertragen, aushalten, hegen', `ausitzen od. reiten lassen', `verankern'; med. `fahren, reiten, schwimmen, von Anker liegen'; ókho-s, pl. -oi̯, pl. ókhea n. `Wagen, Fuhrwerk, Fahrzeug'; gaiḗ-okhos Hom+, dor. gaiaokhos, gaiawokhos IG 5(1).213 (Sparta) epith. of Poseidon 'earth-moving, earth-carrying', inscr. Gaaikhoi name of a contest (IG), etc.

Slavic: *veztī, *vezǭ; *vozъ, *veslo, *vežā

Baltic: *weǯ- (*weǯ-a-) vb. tr., *weǯ-m-ō̃ (-en-); *waǯ-m-ō̃ (-en-), *waǯ-m-ā̂ f., *waǯ-t-ā̂ f., *waǯ-ia- c.; *wēǯ-iā̃ (1) f., *wēǯ-ā̂ f., *wā̂ǯ-jā̂ (1)

Germanic: *wig-a- vb., *wag-ja- vb.; *wig-a- m., *wig-ja- n., m., *wag-n-a- m., *wēg-ō f., *wēg-a- m., *wēg-i- c., *wag-ō f.

Latin: vehō, -ere, vēxī, vectum `fahren, führen, tragen, bringen', vehiculum n. `Fahrzeug', vectāre ` tragen', vehis, -is f. `Wagen, Fuhre, Fuder'; vexāre 'to shake, vex'

Other Italic: Umbr ařveitu, arsueitu, arueitu `advehitō', kuveitu `convehitō'; Osk veia `plaustrum'

Celtic: *weg'hno-: OIr fēn `Art Wagen', Cymr gwain `id.', Gaul covinnus `Sichelwagen', Cymr amwain `herumführen', arwain `führen', cywain `fahren'; OIr fecht `Kriegszug, Gang, Reise, mal', MCymr gweith, Cymr gwaith `Werk, Arbeit, mal', Corn gweth, gwyth `mal', OCorn gueid-uur `opifex', Bret gwez, gweach `mal', Gaul Uecturius MN

Albanian: vjeɵ `stehle'; uδe `Weg, Reise; Gesetz-Vorschrift'

Russ. meaning: волочить за собой, везти

References: WP I 249 f; Adams 589.

Proto-IE: *weid- (Gr hw-/w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to know

Tokharian: B ūwe 'learned' ( < PT *wäwen < *wid-won-) (Adams 71)

Old Indian: vetti (3 pl. vidánti), vedati, vidáti `id.', pf. véda (1 pl. vidmá), ptc. vitta-, vidita- `to know'; vida- m., vidyā́ f., vidmán- n. `knowledge, wisdom'; veda- m. `knowledge, sacred knowledge or lore'

Avestan: vaēδa `wissen'; vista- `bekannt als', viδya `Wissen, Lehre'

Armenian: gitem `ich weiss'; gēt, gitak, gitun `wissend, weise'

Old Greek: pf. ôi̯da, pl. ídmen, att. ísmen `weiss'; aor. êi̯don, inf. idẹ̄̂n `erkennen'; nē̂-is, -idos `unwissend, nescius'; ídri-s, -ios `kundig'; ídmōn, n. -mon, gen. -monos `kundig'; ístōr/hístōr, -oros one who knows law and right, judge; knowing, learned', wistōr Schwyzer 491; historéō Soph.+ 'to inquire', historíǟ `inquiry, etc.'

Slavic: *vēdē (< pf. med.); *vēmь, *vḗdētī

Baltic: *waid= vb., *waid-in- vb.

Germanic: *wait-a- (wit-a-) vb., *wit-ja- m., n., *wit-r-a- adj., *wī́-s-(i)a- adj., *wī́-s-ō(n-) f.; *wis-s-a- adj., *wait-ia- adj.

Celtic: OIr nad-funnatar `sie wissen nicht', rofinnadar `pflegt zu wissen'; MCymr 1 sg. g wynn, Corn gon, MBret goun `ich weidss', OIr rofessetar `ich weiss', rofitir `er weiss'; *widto-: rofess `scitum est', pl. n. fess `scita', MCymr gwyss, MBret gous `wurde gewüsst'; *dru-wid- `hochweise': Gaul Druides; *widā: Cymr gwedd f. `species, forma, modus'; *pari-widyo-: OIr airde n. `Zeichen', Cymr arwydd m.; *windo-: OIr find, Cymr gwynn `weiss', Gaul Vindo-magus, -bona

Russ. meaning: знать

References: WP I 236 f

Comments: Traditionally = *weide- 'see'.

Proto-IE: *weid- (Gr *w-)

Meaning: to plait, bend

Old Indian: vedá- m. `tuft or bunch of strong grass made into a broom'

Old Greek: hom. idnóomai̯ `sich krümmen'

Baltic: *wī̂d-in-ā̂- vb.

Latin: vīdulus, -ī m. `geflochtener Korb'

Russ. meaning: вить, гнуть

References: WP I 223 f

Proto-IE: *weig-

Meaning: to fall upon, to attack, to move sharply

Old Indian: véga- m. `violent agitation, shock, jerk'

Avestan: vaēg- `(ein Geschoss) schwingen', vaēɣa- m. `Anprall, Schlag, Streich'

Other Iranian: NPers vēxtan `schleudern', angēxtan `antreiben', Osset vēɣun `erschüttern, bewegen', Baluchi gēǰag `schwingen, schleudern'

Germanic: *wīkk-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: бросаться, нападать, резко двигаться

References: WP I 233 f

Comments: Very probably = *weik-, -g-.

Proto-IE: *weigh-

Meaning: to oscillate, to swing

Old Indian: [vehayate `to miscarry']

Slavic: *weĩg-l-[a]-, *wig-l-a-, *wig-r-u- adj.

Baltic: *weĩg-l-[a]-, *wig-l-a-, *wig-r-u- adj.

Germanic: *weig-ōn- f., *waig-ō- vb., *wig-ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: колебаться, раскачиваться

References: WP I 233 f (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *weik(')-

Meaning: change

Germanic: *wīx-sl-(i)-a- m., n., *wix-s-l-a- m., n.

Latin: vix*: gen. vicis, acc. vicem, abl. vice, pl. vicēs, dat.-abl. vicibus `Wechsel, Abwechslung, Wechselseitigkeit'; vicārius `den Platz einnehmend, ergänzend'

Celtic: OIr fiach `mutuum, Geschuldetes, Schuld'

Russ. meaning: обмен, перемена

References: WP I 233

Proto-IE: *weik-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to choose, to sacrify, to conjure

Old Indian: vinákti, vivekti, pass. vicyáte, ptc. vikta- `to sift, separate, discriminate'

Avestan: ava-vaēk- `ausscheiden, aussuchen', ptc. -viχtō

Germanic: *wī́x-a-/*wīg-á- m., *wī́x-i- adj.; *wī́x-a- vb., *wī́x-ia-/*wīg-iá- vb., *wī́x-ē- vb.; *wikk-an- m.

Latin: victima f. `Opfertier, Opfer'

Russ. meaning: выбирать; отбирать жертву; колдовать

References: WP I 232

Proto-IE: *weik'- (Gr w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: home, dwelling (of a family, kin)

Tokharian: B īke ( < PT *w'äike) 'place, location, position' (Adams 63)

Old Indian: víś- f. m. `settlement, homestead', pl. víśaḥ `subjects, people, troops'; viś-páti- `chief of a settlement or tribe'; veśá- m. `tenant, vassal; house, dwelling', véśman- n. `house, dwelling, abode'

Avestan: vīs- 'Haus, Dorf, Clan', vaēsma- m. 'Haus, Wohnung'

Old Greek: ôi̯ko-s, dial. woiko-s m. `Haus, Wohnung jeder Art, Zimmer, Hausstand, Haus und Hof, Heimat'; oi̯kétǟ-s m. `Hausgenosse, Diener, Haussklave'

Slavic: *vьsь

Baltic: *weĩč-pat-i- m., *weĩč-iā̃ f., *weĩč-ia- m.

Germanic: *wīx-s-a- n., *wīx-s- n.

Latin: vīcus, -ī m. (dial. vēcus) `Häusergruppe, Dorf, Flecken, Stadtviertel'; vīlla f. (dial. vella) `Landhaus, Landgut'

Albanian: pl. vise Orte, Plätze

Russ. meaning: место жительства семьи, рода

References: WP I 231

Proto-IE: *weik- (Gr w-)

Meaning: to fit, to correspond

Old Greek: ei̯kṓn, -ónos, kypr. wei̯kona f. `Bild', ei̯kṓ, -ọ̄̂s f. `Abbild, Bild, Gleichnis'; hom. ipf. hüpó-ei̯kon Hdt. `es schien gut', ft. éiksō Th., aor. êiksa, poet. é(w)eiksa Alcm.+, pf. hom. éoi̯ka/ôi̯ka, med. éikto, ptc. ei̯kṓs, eoi̯kṓs/oi̯kṓs `ähnlich sein, gleichen'; hom. eískō, ískō `vergleiche', íkelo- (/ éi̯kelo-) `vergleichbar, ähnlich'

Baltic: *wī̃k-/*wī̂k- (1) vb. intr. (Lith CIRC / Lett AC)

Russ. meaning: подходить, соответствовать

References: WP I 233

Proto-IE: *weik- <PIH *Hʷ->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to compel, to win

Hittite: hwek- / huk- (I) 'schlachten, abschlachten', hunink- 'beschädigen' (Tischler 257ff with criticism)

Armenian: vēg `Streit', vig `Kraft, Stärke'

Slavic: *vēkъ

Baltic: *weĩk- vb. tr., *weĩk-a- c., *weîk-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *wī́x-a-/*wīg-á- vb., *wíx-a- vb.; *wig=; *wáix-iō f.; *wīg-á- m., n., *waig-ṓ- vb., *waig-r-á- adj., *waig-ṓ f., etc.

Latin: vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum `die Oberhand erlangen, siegen; besiegen', per-vicāx `hartnäckig, standhaft'

Other Italic: Osk vincter `convincitur'

Celtic: OIr fichim `ich Kämpfe', dofeit `straft', fīch `Kampf, Fehde', Gaul -vix in PN; OCymr guichr `effera', guichir `effrenus', Cymr gwychr `id.', gwych `fortis, strenuus'; *viktā: Ir fecht `Kriegszug', OCymr guith, OBret uueith, uueth in PN, OIr feuchuir (gl.) `severus', feuchrtae `Wildheit'

Russ. meaning: принуждать силой, побарывать

References: WP I 232 f

Proto-IE: *weik-, -g- (Gr w-)

Meaning: soft, pliable; to avoid

Tokharian: A, B wik- 'disappear, shun, avoid' (Adams 599)

Old Indian: vī́ci- f. `going or leading aside, aberration, deceit'; vejate, vijáte, vinakti, ptc. viktá-, vigna- `to move with a quick darting motion; to start back, recoil, flee from'

Old Greek: éi̯kō, aor. êi̯ksai̯, éei̯kse (Alkman) `weichen, zurückgehen, nachstehen'; hǘpei̯ksi-s `das Zurückweichen, das Nachgeben', aor. *wik-s-: gíksai = khōrē̂sai Hsch.

Baltic: *wīk- vb. intr., *wīk-ia- c., *wī̂k-n-iā̃ (1) f., *wīk-[š]-t-a- adj.

Germanic: *wīk(w)-a- vb., *wīk-ia- vb.; *wīk-ō f.; *waik-ia- vb., *waikw-a- adj., *wik-i- c.

Latin: vinciō, -īre, vīnxī, vinctum `umwinden, binden'; vinc(u)lum n. `Band, Fessel'; vicia f. `Wicke'

Other Italic: Umbr previc̨latu `praevinculātō'

Russ. meaning: мягкий, податливый; уклоняться, избегать

References: WP I 233 f

Comments: Very probably = *weig-.

Proto-IE: *weiks- (Gr w-)

Meaning: mistletoe

Old Indian: veṣṭa- m. `gum, resin' (L.)

Old Greek: iksó-s (~ ī-) m. `Mistel, Mistelbeere, der daraus bereitete Vogelleim'

Slavic: *vī́šjā, *vī́šьnjā; *vēxā `омела'

Germanic: *wīxs-il-ō f.

Latin: vīscum, gen. -ī n. (/ vīscus, -ī m.) `Mistel; der aus ihren Beeren bereitete Vogelleim'

Russ. meaning: растение (омела); клейкий сок

References: WP I 313 f

Proto-IE: *weiks-, -gz-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: marsh vegetation

Slavic: *vīšь: Rus dial. виш f. `Sumpfgras', Slvn vī̀š, Pol wisz `Schilf, Riedgras' + *vēxъ / *vьxъ, *vēxā `зонтичное растение'

Baltic: *wiks-w-ā̂, *wikš-w-ā̂ f., *wikš-r-ia- c., *wizg-ā̂ f., *wik[š]-en-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *wisk-ō f.

Russ. meaning: болотная растительность

Proto-IE: *wein-

Meaning: fault

Slavic: *vīnā́, *vīnī́tī

Baltic: *waîn-ā̂ f. (1), waĩn-ē̂- vb., *waîn-ō̂- vb. (1), *waîn-in̂g-a- adj. (1)

Latin: vindex, -icis m. `wer vor Gericht etwas in Anspruch oder Schutz nimmt, Bürge, Befreier, Rächer', pl. vindiciae pl. `gerichtliche Inanspruchnahme eines Gegenstandes; Schutz; Züchtigung', vindicta f. `Gewaltsansagung'

Celtic: OIr fine `Sünde'

Russ. meaning: вина

References: WH

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